Combined fog and solid or straight stream nozzle



April-13, 1954 J. E. CLOUGHERTY ET AL 2,675,270

COMBINED FOG AND SOLID OR STRAIGHT STREAM NOZZLE Filed Jan. 15, 1952 r villri ulv 1 N V EN TORS I l f Patented Apr. 13, 1954 COMBINED FoG ANDSOLID on STRAIGHT STREAM NOZZLE J ohn E. Clougherty, Charlestown, andEdward C.

v Lonergan, Milton, Mass.

Application January is, 1952, Serial No. 266,542

This invention relates to improvements fin combined fog and solid orstraight stream nozzles for the hose of fire-fighting equipment. Moreparticularly it provides such anozzle wherein two separate streams passthroughthe nozzle from a shut-oft" valve to'the delivery end of thenozzle, with one stream extending axially through the nozzle fordelivering a solid or straight stream of water therefrom, and with theother stream annularly surrounding the. axial stream within the nozzleand leading to fog-producing means at the discharge end of the nozzle atwhich fog is generated and dispensed forwardly and outwardly around thestraight stream. i i

The fogproducing nozzle has become a generally accepted unit offire-fighting equipment, having particular advantage over sprays andstraight streams in repelling smoke and fumes, and absorbing heat, asfiremen advance toward a fire through rooms and halls which may befilled with smoke and fumes. But, for actual extinguishment of a fire, astraight stream is essential and, so far as we are aware, two separatetypes of nozzles have been required heretofore, a fog-producing nozzleto protect the fire men advancing toward the flames, and a solid orstraight stream nozzle for use inextinguishing the fire.

Various proposals heretofore have sought to combine in a single nozzle astraight stream and a forwardly and outwardly directed spray, but thesprays have not been effective because they have been supplied from themain stream through the nozzle and have lacked the pressure and volumefor the intended results. More important. however, is the fact thatatomized particles of water dispensed as a cloud of fog i's definitelymore efficient than any spray for repelling smoke and fumes. n

Hence, it is an object of the present invention to provide a combinedfog-producing and straight stream nozzle wherein a fog-generating meansat the delivery end of the nozzle is supplied with its own pressurestream of water arrangedannularly around the straight stream at the axisof the nozzlewhereby the pressure stream which is converted into fog isdriven through the fog generating means unafiected by the adjacentstraight stream. According to the invention, the supply stream of watercoming to the nozzle is divided at the shut-oii valve: of the nozzlawiththe major part of the supply stream passing axially for constitutingthestraight stream issuing from the nozzle, and with a substantialportion of the supply streampassina through an 3 Claims. (o 299-139)annular passage extending from said valve to the "discharge end of thenozzle, at which location it is driven through atomizing means whichdischarges a spreading cloud of fog or vapor around 7 the issuingstraight stream of water.

- Another object is to provide a combined fogproducing and straightstream nozzle wherein fog-generating means at the discharge end of thenozzle is supplied with its own pressure stream (it water driven throughthe nozzle in general parallelism with a main straight stream of waterpassing axially through the nozzle, with manually operable means forstopping the issuance of fog from the nozzle at will without appreciablyaffecting the straight stream of water issuing axially from the nozzle.

I It is, moreover, our purpose and object generally to improve thestructure and effectiveness Fig. l is a side elevation of a nozzleembodying features of the invention, it being shown connected to a hoseand discharging bpth a straight stream of water and a protective cloudof fog; f'Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the nozzle ofFig. l, on a larger scale;

., i Fig. 3 is a view, partly in cross-section, of the right-hand endportion of the nozzle of Fig. 2 tiirned about its axis through ninetydegrees, and showing the cut-oil valve shifted to its closed position;

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of the left-hand portion of the nozzle ofFig. 2 turned about its axis through ninety degrees; and

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view on line 5--5 of Fi 4.

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle In of Fig. l is shown connected toa hose l2 and is discharging both a straight stream M of water and aprotective cloud ll; of fog or vapor.

The connected end of the nozzle has the interiorly threaded opening I8for reception of the standard threaded end or nipple of the hose l2. Arelatively short smaller diameter passage 20 leads axially of the nozzlefrom the opening 18 to a valve 22 which is rotatably mounted within thebody :of the nozzle a substantial distance from the delivery end of thenozzle, and a longer axial passage 24 extends from the opposite side ofvalve 22, or from a location adjacent the valve, to and through thedelivery end of the nozzle, this latter passage 24 having suitableuniform or their bearings, and a yoke type actuating handle 36 has itsspread arms 38, 40 rigidly connected to the projecting ends of thetrunnions 28,-. 38" re spectively, whereby the valve may be actuated byhandle 36 between its open and closedpositions of .Figs. 2 and s. Apassage c2 throd'ghthevalye connects the axial passages 20 and 2 whenthe valve is open, as shown in Fig';-2i-. i According to the invention,valve 22 has oppo site side portions of thesphere cut away in theparallel planes 44, 45 in Fig. 2, which are also parallel to the axis ofthe trunnions 28,58. The p'larieB is closer to the parallel plane of theaxis of the trunnions than is the plane M; and the passage 42 throughthe valve has gradually increasing diameter from the annular edge of thevalve in plane 46, to the annular edge of the valve in plane 56. Hence;the outlet end of the valve passage 52 is substantially greater indiameter than the diameter of the nozzle passage as, whereby'asubstantial portion of the water coming through' the valve deliversdirectly into an annular passage 48 which surrounds the axial passage 2This water may enter the passage 48 through an annularly' arrangedseries of openings 5B. V

Annular passage 48 extends from adjacent valve 22 to the discharge endportion of the nozzle It where it opens into a series of pairs ofrelatively small diameter passages 52, be which intersect each otherwith a forceful atomizing effect which generatesa cloud of fog l6 whichis disseminated forwardly and outwardly around the straight stream M ofWater issuing. from the axial passage 24, generally'as illustrated'inFig. I.

Preferably, a manually operable means ispro vided for closing the disharge end portions 52', 54 'of the passages 52; 54 when it is desired tostop the generation and dissemination of fog without materiauyaffecting" the straight stream l4. As herein shown, a cap 56 fits nicelyand rotatably over the discharge end portion of the nozzle Hi; the caphaving an axial opening 58 therein which leaves the axial passage 24"unobstruoted in all positions of the cap. A series of perforations 6Bare arranged annularl'y around a 4 ble rotational movements thereofbetween open and closed positions of the cap.

It is intended that the patent shall cover, by suitable expression inthe appended claims, whatever features of patentable novelty exist inthe invention disclosed.

We claim as our invention:

1.. A hose nozzle comprisinga rigid nozzle body having adischar'ge endan'd having walls defining an interior chamber spaced a substantialdistance from said delivery end of the nozzle body, said nozzle bodyhaving an axial passage Wall of the cap in positions to be in registerwith v 1eading frcm" on'end of the body to said chamber, arid agenerally aligned axial passage leading from said chamber and openingthrough said delivery endoi thebody, means defining an annular passagesurrounding said aligned passage and extendin from saitl chamber to alocation adjacent to the said delivery end of said body, atomizin'g'mean to'which said annular passage delivers at said delivery end of thenozzle body for disseminating atomized water as a cloud of fog forwardlyand outwardly around the region through which water discharges from saidaxial passage, said atomizing means comprising annularly arranged pairsof flow passages interiorly of said delivery end of said body of whichthe deliv' ery end portions of each pair have their axes intersectingeach other adjacent to the delivery ends of said passages whereby theimpact of the in tersecting streams from each said pair of flow passageseffects atomization of the water, a mem'-' ber rotatably mounted on saiddelivery end of tlienozzle body, exteriorly thereof, having an annularportion, for closing the discharge ends of all of" said atomizing flowpassages, said annular portion of said member having an annular seriesof openings therein'arranged to register with said discharge ends of theatomizing flow passages in response to a partial rotation of saidmember, and'stop means for limiting the rotation of said member in eachdirection about the axis of said body thereby to stop rotation of saidmember in one direction with its said openings in register with thedischarge ends of said atomizin now passages, and to stop rotation ofsaid member in the opposite'd'irection with all of said discharge endsorthe atomizing flow passages closed by the portions of said member whichintervene between the said openings therein, said rotatable member'ineach position thereof, leaving the discharge end of said axial passagein said body free of any obstruction to discharge therefrom.

2. A hose nozzle comprising a nozzle body having an interior chamberwith an inflow passage to said chamber and an outflow passage from saidchamber which delivers axially through one end 7 of said body, meansdefining an annular passage surrounding said outflow passage andextending from said chamber tosaid delivery end of said body, atomizingmeans in the path of flow through said annular passage at said deliveryend of said body for disseminating atomizedwater as a cloud of vaporforwardly and outwardly around the region through which water dischargesfrom said outflow passage, said atomizing meansproviding dischargeopeningsinsaid body arranged in spaced annular; relation around: theaxis of the body, a cap rotatably mounted on said delivery endof saidbody and having an annular portion forclosing all of said dischargeopenings of the atomizing means, said annular portion of the cap v ng anannular series of openings therein ar ranged toregisftei' with saiddischarge openings of the 'atom'izin means in response to a partialrotation of said cap, and stop means for stopping rotation of said capin one direction with said cap openings in register with said dischargeopenings of the atomizing means, and for stopping rotation of said capin the opposite direction with all of said discharge openings of theatomizing means closed by the portions of said cap which intervenebetween said openings in the cap, said cap, in all of its positions,leaving the discharge end of said axial outflow passage free ofobstruction.

3. In a hose nozzle of the type having a nozzle body with a straightaxial discharge passage and with an annular flow passage surrounding theaxial passage, means within said body at the discharge end portionthereof for atomizing the water delivering from said annular flowpassage, said atomizing means providing an annular se ries of dischargeopenings at said discharge end portion of said body whereby the atomizedwater issues from said annular series of discharge openings, a caprotatably mounted on said discharge end of said body, exteriorlythereof, said cap havin an axial opening constantly in register with thedischarge end of said axial discharge passage and having an annularportion for closing all of said annular series of discharge openings insaid body, said annular portion of the cap having an annular series ofopenings therein arranged to register with said discharge openings insaid body in response to a partial rotation of the cap on said body, andmeans for securing said cap on said body and constituting also a stopmeans for limiting rotational movements of the cap on said body, saidsecurin and stop means being adapted to stop rotation of said cap in onedirection with the annular series of openings in said body and in saidcap in register, and to stop rotation of said cap in the oppositedirection with the portions of said cap which intervene between its saidopenings closing all of the annular series of discharge openings in saidbody.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 561,069 Wise May 26, 1896 575,596 Doyle Jan. 19, 1897 577,120Stewart Feb. 16, 1897 582,051 Fuerbringer May 4, 1897 585,196 Foley June29, 1897 1,575,671 Beanes Mar. 9, 1926 2,376,881 Nielsen May 29, 19452,389,642 Schellin Nov. 27, 1945

